<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><OAI-PMH xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/OAI-PMH.xsd"><responseDate>2026-06-13T00:59:05Z</responseDate><request verb="GetRecord" identifier="A20190315-001" metadataPrefix="DIF">https://ads.nipr.ac.jp/portal/oai</request><GetRecord><record><header><identifier>A20190315-001</identifier><datestamp>2022-12-13T08:36:59Z</datestamp><setSpec>Arctic</setSpec></header><metadata><DIF xmlns="http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/Aboutus/xml/dif/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/Aboutus/xml/dif/ http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/Aboutus/xml/dif/dif_v9.7.1.xsd"><Entry_ID>A20190315-001</Entry_ID><Entry_Title>Black carbon and inorganic aerosols in Arctic snowpack from six regions (Finland, Alaska, North and South Siberia, Greenland, and Spitzbergen) during early spring in 2012-2016.</Entry_Title><Data_Set_Citation><Dataset_Creator>Mori, T. , Goto-Azuma, K. , Goto-Azuma, K. , Kondo, Y. , Ogawa-Tsukagawa, Y. , Miura, K. , Hirabayashi, M. , Oshima, N. , Koike, M. , Kupiainen, K. , Moteki, N. , Ohata, S. , Ohata, S. , Sinha, P. R., Sugiura, K. , Aoki, T. , Schneebeli, M. , Steffen, K. , Sato, A. , Tsushima, A. , Makarov, V. , Omiya, S. , Omiya, S. , Sugimoto, A. , Takano, S.</Dataset_Creator><Dataset_Title>Black carbon and inorganic aerosols in Arctic snowpack from six regions (Finland, Alaska, North and South Siberia, Greenland, and Spitzbergen) during early spring in 2012-2016.</Dataset_Title><Dataset_Series_Name></Dataset_Series_Name><Dataset_Release_Date>2019</Dataset_Release_Date><Dataset_Release_Place>Tachikawa, Japan</Dataset_Release_Place><Dataset_Publisher>Arctic Data archive System (ADS), Japan</Dataset_Publisher><Version>1.00</Version><Issue_Identification>A20190315-001</Issue_Identification><Data_Presentation_Form /><Other_Citation_Details></Other_Citation_Details><Online_Resource>https://ads.nipr.ac.jp/dataset/A20190315-001</Online_Resource></Data_Set_Citation><Personnel><Role></Role><First_Name>Tatsuhiro</First_Name><Middle_Name></Middle_Name><Last_Name>Mori</Last_Name><Email>mori@rs.tus.ac.jp</Email><Phone>+81-3-3260-4272</Phone><Fax></Fax><Contact_Address><Address>Department of Physics, Faculty of Science Division I, Tokyo University of Science</Address><Address>1-3 Kagurazaka</Address><City>Shinjuku</City><Province_or_State>Tokyo</Province_or_State><Postal_Code>162-8601</Postal_Code><Country>Japan</Country></Contact_Address></Personnel><Personnel><Role></Role><First_Name>Kumiko</First_Name><Middle_Name></Middle_Name><Last_Name>Goto-Azuma</Last_Name><Email>kumiko@nipr.ac.jp</Email><Phone>+81-42-512-0647</Phone><Fax></Fax><Contact_Address><Address>National Institute of Polar Research</Address><Address>10-3 Midori-cho</Address><City>Tachikawa</City><Province_or_State>Tokyo</Province_or_State><Postal_Code>190-8518</Postal_Code><Country>Japan</Country></Contact_Address></Personnel><Personnel><Role></Role><First_Name>Kumiko</First_Name><Middle_Name></Middle_Name><Last_Name>Goto-Azuma</Last_Name><Email>kumiko@nipr.ac.jp</Email><Phone>+81-46-858-1500</Phone><Fax></Fax><Contact_Address><Address>The Graduate University for Advanced Studies</Address><Address>Shonan Village</Address><City>Hayama</City><Province_or_State>Kanagawa</Province_or_State><Postal_Code>240-0193</Postal_Code><Country>Japan</Country></Contact_Address></Personnel><Personnel><Role></Role><First_Name>Yutaka</First_Name><Middle_Name></Middle_Name><Last_Name>Kondo</Last_Name><Email>kondo.yutaka@nipr.ac.jp</Email><Phone>+81-42-512-0647</Phone><Fax></Fax><Contact_Address><Address>National Institute of Polar Research</Address><Address>10-3 Midori-cho</Address><City>Tachikawa</City><Province_or_State>Tokyo</Province_or_State><Postal_Code>190-8518</Postal_Code><Country>Japan</Country></Contact_Address></Personnel><Personnel><Role></Role><First_Name>Yoshimi</First_Name><Middle_Name></Middle_Name><Last_Name>Ogawa-Tsukagawa</Last_Name><Email>ogawa.yoshimi@nipr.ac.jp</Email><Phone>+81-42-512-0647</Phone><Fax></Fax><Contact_Address><Address>National Institute of Polar Research</Address><Address>10-3 Midori-cho</Address><City>Tachikawa</City><Province_or_State>Tokyo</Province_or_State><Postal_Code>190-8518</Postal_Code><Country>Japan</Country></Contact_Address></Personnel><Personnel><Role></Role><First_Name>Kazuhiko</First_Name><Middle_Name></Middle_Name><Last_Name>Miura</Last_Name><Email>miura@rs.kagu.tus.ac.jp</Email><Phone>+81-3-3260-4271</Phone><Fax></Fax><Contact_Address><Address>Department of Physics, Faculty of Science Division I,Tokyo University of Science</Address><Address>1-3 Kagurazaka</Address><City>Shinjuku</City><Province_or_State>Tokyo</Province_or_State><Postal_Code>162-8601</Postal_Code><Country>Japan</Country></Contact_Address></Personnel><Personnel><Role></Role><First_Name>Motohiro</First_Name><Middle_Name></Middle_Name><Last_Name>Hirabayashi</Last_Name><Email>hiraba@nipr.ac.jp</Email><Phone>+81-42-512-0647</Phone><Fax></Fax><Contact_Address><Address>National Institute of Polar Research</Address><Address>10-3 Midori-cho</Address><City>Tachikawa</City><Province_or_State>Tokyo</Province_or_State><Postal_Code>190-8518</Postal_Code><Country>Japan</Country></Contact_Address></Personnel><Personnel><Role></Role><First_Name>Naga</First_Name><Middle_Name></Middle_Name><Last_Name>Oshima</Last_Name><Email>oshima@mri-jma.go.jp</Email><Phone>+81-29-853-8538</Phone><Fax></Fax><Contact_Address><Address>Meteorological Research Institute</Address><Address>1-1 Nagamine</Address><City>Tsukuba</City><Province_or_State>Ibaraki</Province_or_State><Postal_Code>305-0052</Postal_Code><Country>Japan</Country></Contact_Address></Personnel><Personnel><Role></Role><First_Name>Makoto</First_Name><Middle_Name></Middle_Name><Last_Name>Koike</Last_Name><Email>koike@eps.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp</Email><Phone>+81-3-5841-4005</Phone><Fax></Fax><Contact_Address><Address>Depertment of Earth and Planetary Science, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo</Address><Address>7-3-1 Hongo</Address><City>Bunkyo-ku</City><Province_or_State>Tokyo</Province_or_State><Postal_Code>113-0033</Postal_Code><Country>Japan</Country></Contact_Address></Personnel><Personnel><Role></Role><First_Name>Kaarle</First_Name><Middle_Name></Middle_Name><Last_Name>Kupiainen</Last_Name><Email>kaarle.kupiainen@ym.fi</Email><Phone>+358 295 251 000</Phone><Fax></Fax><Contact_Address><Address>Finnish Environment Institute</Address><Address>Mechelininkatu 34a</Address><City>Helsinki</City><Province_or_State>Helsinki</Province_or_State><Postal_Code>FI-00251</Postal_Code><Country>Finland</Country></Contact_Address></Personnel><Personnel><Role></Role><First_Name>Nobuhiro</First_Name><Middle_Name></Middle_Name><Last_Name>Moteki</Last_Name><Email>moteki@eps.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp</Email><Phone>+81-3-5841-4005</Phone><Fax></Fax><Contact_Address><Address>Depertment of Earth and Planetary Science, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo</Address><Address>7-3-1 Hongo</Address><City>Bunkyo-ku</City><Province_or_State>Tokyo</Province_or_State><Postal_Code>113-0033</Postal_Code><Country>Japan</Country></Contact_Address></Personnel><Personnel><Role></Role><First_Name>Sho</First_Name><Middle_Name></Middle_Name><Last_Name>Ohata</Last_Name><Email>sho.ohata@isee.nagoya-u.ac.jp</Email><Phone>+81-52-747-6415</Phone><Fax></Fax><Contact_Address><Address>Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University</Address><Address>Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku</Address><City>Nagoya</City><Province_or_State>Aichi</Province_or_State><Postal_Code>464-8601</Postal_Code><Country>Japan</Country></Contact_Address></Personnel><Personnel><Role></Role><First_Name>Sho</First_Name><Middle_Name></Middle_Name><Last_Name>Ohata</Last_Name><Email>sho.ohata@isee.nagoya-u.ac.jp</Email><Phone>+81-52-747-6415</Phone><Fax></Fax><Contact_Address><Address>Institute for Advanced Research, Nagoya University</Address><Address>Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku</Address><City>Nagoya</City><Province_or_State>Aichi</Province_or_State><Postal_Code>464-8601</Postal_Code><Country>Japan</Country></Contact_Address></Personnel><Personnel><Role></Role><First_Name>Puna</First_Name><Middle_Name>Ram</Middle_Name><Last_Name>Sinha</Last_Name><Email>prs@iist.ac.in</Email><Phone>+91-471-2568543</Phone><Fax></Fax><Contact_Address><Address>Department of Earth and Space Sciences, Indian Institute of Space Science Technology</Address><Address>valiamala</Address><City>Thiruvananthapuram</City><Province_or_State>kerala</Province_or_State><Postal_Code>695547</Postal_Code><Country>India</Country></Contact_Address></Personnel><Personnel><Role></Role><First_Name>Konosuke</First_Name><Middle_Name></Middle_Name><Last_Name>Sugiura</Last_Name><Email>sugiura@sus.u-toyama.ac.jp</Email><Phone>+81-76-445-6011</Phone><Fax></Fax><Contact_Address><Address>University of Toyama</Address><Address>3190, Gofuku</Address><City>Toyama</City><Province_or_State>Toyama</Province_or_State><Postal_Code>930-8555</Postal_Code><Country>Japan</Country></Contact_Address></Personnel><Personnel><Role></Role><First_Name>Teruo</First_Name><Middle_Name></Middle_Name><Last_Name>Aoki</Last_Name><Email>teaoki@okayama-u.ac.jp</Email><Phone>+81-86-252-1111</Phone><Fax></Fax><Contact_Address><Address>Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University</Address><Address>3-1-1 Tsushima-Naka, Kita-Ku</Address><City>Okayama</City><Province_or_State>Okayama</Province_or_State><Postal_Code>700-8530</Postal_Code><Country>Japan</Country></Contact_Address></Personnel><Personnel><Role></Role><First_Name>Martin</First_Name><Middle_Name></Middle_Name><Last_Name>Schneebeli</Last_Name><Email>schneebeli@slf.ch</Email><Phone>+41-81-417-01-11</Phone><Fax></Fax><Contact_Address><Address>WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research</Address><Address>Fluelastrasse 11</Address><City>Davos Dorf</City><Province_or_State>Graubunden</Province_or_State><Postal_Code>CH-7260</Postal_Code><Country>Switzerland</Country></Contact_Address></Personnel><Personnel><Role></Role><First_Name>Konrad</First_Name><Middle_Name></Middle_Name><Last_Name>Steffen</Last_Name><Email>konrad.steffen@wsl.ch</Email><Phone>+41-81-417-01-11</Phone><Fax></Fax><Contact_Address><Address>WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research</Address><Address>Fluelastrasse 11</Address><City>Davos Dorf</City><Province_or_State>Graubunden</Province_or_State><Postal_Code>CH-7260</Postal_Code><Country>Switzerland</Country></Contact_Address></Personnel><Personnel><Role></Role><First_Name>Atsushi</First_Name><Middle_Name></Middle_Name><Last_Name>Sato</Last_Name><Email>jubeesnowman@frontier.hokudai.ac.jp</Email><Phone>+81-258-35-7520</Phone><Fax></Fax><Contact_Address><Address>Snow and Ice Research Center</Address><Address>Suyoshi</Address><City>Nagaoka</City><Province_or_State>Niigata</Province_or_State><Postal_Code>940-0821</Postal_Code><Country>Japan</Country></Contact_Address></Personnel><Personnel><Role></Role><First_Name>Akane</First_Name><Middle_Name></Middle_Name><Last_Name>Tsushima</Last_Name><Email>tsushima@chikyu.ac.jp</Email><Phone>+81-75-707-2100</Phone><Fax></Fax><Contact_Address><Address>Reserach Institute for Humanity and Nature</Address><Address>457-4 Motoyama, Kamigamo, Kita-ku</Address><City>Kyoto</City><Province_or_State>Kyoto</Province_or_State><Postal_Code>603-8047</Postal_Code><Country>Japan</Country></Contact_Address></Personnel><Personnel><Role></Role><First_Name>Vladimir</First_Name><Middle_Name></Middle_Name><Last_Name>Makarov</Last_Name><Email>vnmakarov@mpi.ysn.ru</Email><Phone>+7-4112-390-883</Phone><Fax></Fax><Contact_Address><Address>Melnikov Permafrost Institute</Address><Address>Merzlotnaya St., 36</Address><City>Yakutsk</City><Province_or_State>Yakutsk</Province_or_State><Postal_Code>677010</Postal_Code><Country>Russia</Country></Contact_Address></Personnel><Personnel><Role></Role><First_Name>Satoshi</First_Name><Middle_Name></Middle_Name><Last_Name>Omiya</Last_Name><Email>somiya@ceri.go.jp</Email><Phone>+81-11-706-5445</Phone><Fax></Fax><Contact_Address><Address>Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University</Address><Address>Kita 19, Nishi 8, Kita-ku</Address><City>Sapporo</City><Province_or_State>Hokkaido</Province_or_State><Postal_Code>060-0819</Postal_Code><Country>Japan</Country></Contact_Address></Personnel><Personnel><Role></Role><First_Name>Satoshi</First_Name><Middle_Name></Middle_Name><Last_Name>Omiya</Last_Name><Email>somiya@ceri.go.jp</Email><Phone>+81-11-841-1624</Phone><Fax></Fax><Contact_Address><Address>Civil Engineering Research Institute for Cold Region</Address><Address>1-34 Hiragishi 1-jo 3-chome,Toyohira-ku</Address><City>Sapporo</City><Province_or_State>Hokkaido</Province_or_State><Postal_Code>062-8602</Postal_Code><Country>Japan</Country></Contact_Address></Personnel><Personnel><Role></Role><First_Name>Atsuko</First_Name><Middle_Name></Middle_Name><Last_Name>Sugimoto</Last_Name><Email>atsukos@ees.hokudai.ac.jp</Email><Phone>+81-11-706-2203</Phone><Fax></Fax><Contact_Address><Address>Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University</Address><Address>N10W5</Address><City>Sapporo</City><Province_or_State>Hokkaido</Province_or_State><Postal_Code>060-0810</Postal_Code><Country>Japan</Country></Contact_Address></Personnel><Personnel><Role></Role><First_Name>Shinya</First_Name><Middle_Name></Middle_Name><Last_Name>Takano</Last_Name><Email>hawk-field@ees.hokudai.ac.jp</Email><Phone>+81-11-706-2203</Phone><Fax></Fax><Contact_Address><Address>Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University</Address><Address>N10W5</Address><City>Sapporo</City><Province_or_State>Hokkaido</Province_or_State><Postal_Code>060-0810</Postal_Code><Country>Japan</Country></Contact_Address></Personnel><Parameters><Category>EARTH SCIENCE</Category><Topic>ATMOSPHERE</Topic><Term>AEROSOLS</Term><Variable_Level_1>CARBONACEOUS AEROSOLS</Variable_Level_1><Variable_Level_2></Variable_Level_2><Variable_Level_3></Variable_Level_3><Detailed_Variable></Detailed_Variable></Parameters><Parameters><Category>EARTH SCIENCE</Category><Topic>ATMOSPHERE</Topic><Term>AIR QUALITY</Term><Variable_Level_1>EMISSIONS</Variable_Level_1><Variable_Level_2></Variable_Level_2><Variable_Level_3></Variable_Level_3><Detailed_Variable></Detailed_Variable></Parameters><Parameters><Category>EARTH SCIENCE</Category><Topic>ATMOSPHERE</Topic><Term>ALTITUDE</Term><Variable_Level_1>PLANETARY BOUNDARY LAYER HEIGHT</Variable_Level_1><Variable_Level_2></Variable_Level_2><Variable_Level_3></Variable_Level_3><Detailed_Variable></Detailed_Variable></Parameters><Parameters><Category>EARTH SCIENCE</Category><Topic>ATMOSPHERE</Topic><Term>ATMOSPHERIC TEMPERATURE</Term><Variable_Level_1>SURFACE TEMPERATURE</Variable_Level_1><Variable_Level_2>AIR TEMPERATURE</Variable_Level_2><Variable_Level_3></Variable_Level_3><Detailed_Variable></Detailed_Variable></Parameters><Parameters><Category>EARTH SCIENCE</Category><Topic>ATMOSPHERE</Topic><Term>ATMOSPHERIC TEMPERATURE</Term><Variable_Level_1>SURFACE TEMPERATURE</Variable_Level_1><Variable_Level_2>POTENTIAL TEMPERATURE</Variable_Level_2><Variable_Level_3></Variable_Level_3><Detailed_Variable></Detailed_Variable></Parameters><Parameters><Category>EARTH SCIENCE</Category><Topic>ATMOSPHERE</Topic><Term>PRECIPITATION</Term><Variable_Level_1>PRECIPITATION AMOUNT</Variable_Level_1><Variable_Level_2>24 HOUR PRECIPITATION AMOUNT</Variable_Level_2><Variable_Level_3></Variable_Level_3><Detailed_Variable></Detailed_Variable></Parameters><Parameters><Category>EARTH SCIENCE</Category><Topic>ATMOSPHERE</Topic><Term>PRECIPITATION</Term><Variable_Level_1>SNOW WATER EQUIVALENT</Variable_Level_1><Variable_Level_2></Variable_Level_2><Variable_Level_3></Variable_Level_3><Detailed_Variable></Detailed_Variable></Parameters><Parameters><Category>EARTH SCIENCE</Category><Topic>ATMOSPHERE</Topic><Term>AEROSOLS</Term><Variable_Level_1>CLOUD CONDENSATION NUCLEI</Variable_Level_1><Variable_Level_2></Variable_Level_2><Variable_Level_3></Variable_Level_3><Detailed_Variable></Detailed_Variable></Parameters><ISO_Topic_Category>climatologyMeteorologyAtmosphere</ISO_Topic_Category><Keyword>Black carbon</Keyword><Keyword>inorganic aerosols</Keyword><Keyword>global warming</Keyword><Keyword>Arctic</Keyword><Keyword>deposition</Keyword><Keyword>single-particle soot photometer (SP2)</Keyword><Keyword>accurate measurement</Keyword><Keyword>Size distribution of BC</Keyword><Keyword>Concentrations</Keyword><Sensor_Name><Short_Name>RADIOSONDES</Short_Name><Long_Name></Long_Name></Sensor_Name><Sensor_Name><Short_Name>TEMPERATURE PROFILERS</Short_Name><Long_Name></Long_Name></Sensor_Name><Sensor_Name><Short_Name>RAIN GAUGES</Short_Name><Long_Name></Long_Name></Sensor_Name><Sensor_Name><Short_Name>ION CHROMATOGRAPHS</Short_Name><Long_Name></Long_Name></Sensor_Name><Temporal_Coverage><Start_Date>2012-02-25 00:00:00</Start_Date><Stop_Date>2016-05-26 00:00:00</Stop_Date></Temporal_Coverage><Paleo_Temporal_Coverage><Paleo_Start_Date></Paleo_Start_Date><Paleo_Stop_Date></Paleo_Stop_Date><Chronostratigraphic_Unit><Eon></Eon><Era></Era><Period></Period><Epoch></Epoch><Stage></Stage><Detailed_Classification></Detailed_Classification></Chronostratigraphic_Unit></Paleo_Temporal_Coverage><Data_Set_Progress>Complete</Data_Set_Progress><Spatial_Coverage><Southernmost_Latitude>60.203222</Southernmost_Latitude><Northernmost_Latitude>69.756306</Northernmost_Latitude><Westernmost_Longitude>24.554250</Westernmost_Longitude><Easternmost_Longitude>27.601013</Easternmost_Longitude><Minimum_Altitude></Minimum_Altitude><Maximum_Altitude></Maximum_Altitude><Minimum_Depth></Minimum_Depth><Maximum_Depth></Maximum_Depth></Spatial_Coverage><Spatial_Coverage><Southernmost_Latitude>61.820000</Southernmost_Latitude><Northernmost_Latitude>71.320000</Northernmost_Latitude><Westernmost_Longitude>-156.770000</Westernmost_Longitude><Easternmost_Longitude>-144.070000</Easternmost_Longitude><Minimum_Altitude></Minimum_Altitude><Maximum_Altitude></Maximum_Altitude><Minimum_Depth></Minimum_Depth><Maximum_Depth></Maximum_Depth></Spatial_Coverage><Spatial_Coverage><Southernmost_Latitude>62.030000</Southernmost_Latitude><Northernmost_Latitude>70.772222</Northernmost_Latitude><Westernmost_Longitude>114.010000</Westernmost_Longitude><Easternmost_Longitude>148.510278</Easternmost_Longitude><Minimum_Altitude></Minimum_Altitude><Maximum_Altitude></Maximum_Altitude><Minimum_Depth></Minimum_Depth><Maximum_Depth></Maximum_Depth></Spatial_Coverage><Spatial_Coverage><Southernmost_Latitude>63.148891</Southernmost_Latitude><Northernmost_Latitude>80.097140</Northernmost_Latitude><Westernmost_Longitude>-69.250833</Westernmost_Longitude><Easternmost_Longitude>-29.986944</Easternmost_Longitude><Minimum_Altitude></Minimum_Altitude><Maximum_Altitude></Maximum_Altitude><Minimum_Depth></Minimum_Depth><Maximum_Depth></Maximum_Depth></Spatial_Coverage><Location><Location_Category>CONTINENT</Location_Category><Location_Type>EUROPE</Location_Type><Location_Subregion1>NORTHERN EUROPE</Location_Subregion1><Location_Subregion2>SCANDINAVIA</Location_Subregion2><Location_Subregion3>FINLAND</Location_Subregion3></Location><Location><Location_Category>CONTINENT</Location_Category><Location_Type>NORTH AMERICA</Location_Type><Location_Subregion1>UNITED STATES OF AMERICA</Location_Subregion1><Location_Subregion2>ALASKA</Location_Subregion2><Location_Subregion3></Location_Subregion3></Location><Location><Location_Category>CONTINENT</Location_Category><Location_Type>EUROPE</Location_Type><Location_Subregion1>EASTERN EUROPE</Location_Subregion1><Location_Subregion2>RUSSIAN FEDERATION</Location_Subregion2><Location_Subregion3></Location_Subregion3></Location><Location><Location_Category>CONTINENT</Location_Category><Location_Type>NORTH AMERICA</Location_Type><Location_Subregion1>GREENLAND</Location_Subregion1><Location_Subregion2></Location_Subregion2><Location_Subregion3></Location_Subregion3></Location><Location><Location_Category>CONTINENT</Location_Category><Location_Type>EUROPE</Location_Type><Location_Subregion1>NORTHERN EUROPE</Location_Subregion1><Location_Subregion2>SCANDINAVIA</Location_Subregion2><Location_Subregion3>NORWAY</Location_Subregion3></Location><Data_Resolution><Latitude_Resolution></Latitude_Resolution><Longitude_Resolution></Longitude_Resolution><Horizontal_Resolution_Range></Horizontal_Resolution_Range><Vertical_Resolution></Vertical_Resolution><Vertical_Resolution_Range></Vertical_Resolution_Range><Temporal_Resolution></Temporal_Resolution><Temporal_Resolution_Range></Temporal_Resolution_Range></Data_Resolution><Project><Short_Name></Short_Name><Long_Name>Arctic Challenge for Sustainability</Long_Name></Project><Quality>Quality controlled</Quality><Access_Constraints>Public</Access_Constraints><Use_Constraints>Please contact K. Goto-Azuma (kumiko@nipr.ac.jp), Y. Kondo (kondo.yutaka@nipr.ac.jp), K. Sugiura (sugiura@sus.u-toyama.ac.jp), and T. Mori (mori@rs.tus.ac.jp) when you use our data.</Use_Constraints><Data_Set_Language>eng</Data_Set_Language><Originating_Center>ADS</Originating_Center><Data_Center><Data_Center_Name><Short_Name>JP/MEXT/NIPR</Short_Name><Long_Name>National Institute of Polar Research, Ministry of Education, Science, Sports and Culture, Japan</Long_Name></Data_Center_Name><Data_Center_URL>https://ads.nipr.ac.jp/</Data_Center_URL><Data_Set_ID>A20190315-001</Data_Set_ID><Personnel><Role>Data Center Contact</Role><First_Name>ADS User Service</First_Name><Middle_Name></Middle_Name><Last_Name></Last_Name><Email>ads_info@nipr.ac.jp</Email><Phone>+81-42-512-0926</Phone><Fax>+81-42-528-3195</Fax><Contact_Address><Address>10-3, Midori-cho</Address><City>Tachikawa</City><Province_or_State>Tokyo</Province_or_State><Postal_Code>190-8518</Postal_Code><Country>Japan</Country></Contact_Address></Personnel></Data_Center><Distribution><Distribution_Media>online resource</Distribution_Media><Distribution_Size>200KB</Distribution_Size><Distribution_Format>Text</Distribution_Format><Fees></Fees></Distribution><Multimedia_Sample><File /><URL /><Format /><Caption /><Description /></Multimedia_Sample><Reference></Reference><Summary><Abstract>These data sets contain the mass and number concentrations, size distributions, deposition amount by mass and number of black carbon (BC) in snowpack sampled over Finland, Alaska, Siberia, Greenland, and Spitsbergen during early spring in 2012-2016. They also contain the mass concentrations and deposition amounts of inorganic ion species (nss-SO42-, NO3-, Na+, and NH4+) in the same snowpack. In total, we provide the data for 107 samples of surface snow (0-2 cm or 0-5 cm depth), 77 samples of subsurface snow (2-10 cm), and 112 columns of snowpack. The measurements of BC and ion species were made by using a single-particle soot photometer and ion chromatography, respectively.</Abstract><Purpose /></Summary><Related_URL><URL_Content_Type><Type>GET DATA</Type><Subtype>GET DATA</Subtype></URL_Content_Type><URL>https://ads.nipr.ac.jp/dataset/A20190315-001</URL><Description>Access to data files</Description></Related_URL><IDN_Node /><Metadata_Name>CEOS IDN DIF</Metadata_Name><Metadata_Version>9.7</Metadata_Version><DIF_Creation_Date>2022/12/13</DIF_Creation_Date><Last_DIF_Revision_Date /><DIF_Revision_History /><Future_DIF_Review_Date /><Private></Private></DIF></metadata></record></GetRecord></OAI-PMH>